Recognize different gearing systems and relative advantages and disadvantages between them. June 20, 2017 december 26, 2018 pankaj mishra 1 comment automobile, clutch a torque converter is a type of fluid coupling which is used to transfer rotating power from the engine of a vehicle to the transmission. This fine clearance is the main object of concern in this pump. Construction and working of centrifugal pump parts of centrifugal pump introduction. As the rotor rotates and fluid enters the pump, centrifugal force, hydraulic pressure, andor pushrods pushes the vanes to the walls of the housing. Acting as a separation membrane between the compressed air and liquid, the elastomeric diaphragm applies pressure to the liquid column, while also balancing the load in order to remove mechanical stress from the diaphragm. A gear pump uses the meshing of gears to pump fluid by displacement.
Download the file data into the pump memory disconnect the pump from the pc carry out your application on the spot, using the pump as a standalone unit unique. Review different pump types commonly used understand the difference between centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps understand the working principle of the tuthill. The fluid travel through the pump between the the teeth of the gear withina gear principle. Working mechanism of a centrifugal pump a centrifugal pump is one of the simplest pieces of equipment in any process plant. They are one of the most common types of pumps for hydraulic fluid power applications. Definition of the control volumes with the mc method for a crescent pump. The rotor is a larger gear and also an inner gear, and it has the teeth projecting inside. It is the force performing on the liquid that makes to supply in the casing. Dec 24, 2017 centrifugal pump is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energypressure energy by the action of centrifugal force acting on the fluid. The gear pumps essential as well as most frequently used pumps. The arrows indicate the direction of the pump and liquid. Displacement d the displacement of a rotary gear pump is the volume displaced during one complete. In order for these bearings to work, a minimum speed is required depends upon pressure of the pump.
Pump books this section of pump books has been produced to train pump users technicians and engineers at all levels, these handbooks will provide a great reference tool. Gear pumps, unlike centrifugal pumps, are a positive displacement pump and are a very good choice for transferring viscous or highly viscous liquids. In simple terms, the function of this pump is to transfer the water from one location to another location with the help of gear instrument. Many external gear pumps use journal bearings to support the rotating shafts. The working principle of external gear pumps is very simple. As the name suggests, these pumps are inbuilt with gears.
The rotating elements can be gears, screws or vanes. What is the working principle of the centrifugal pump. Liquid travels through the pump between the teeth of the gear withina gear principle. Reciprocating pump types, parts, working principle pdf. The books includes all the necessary information selection and application of the all ranges of centrifugal, rotary, positive displacement pumps and boiler feed water pumps. Torque converter working, principle, main parts and. Because it discharges a definite quantity of liquid. Working principle of a centrifugal pump linkedin slideshare. Gear pumps transfer fluid by gears coming in and out of mesh to create a nonpulsating pumping action.
An internal rotary gear pump can handle fluids with a viscosity of 100,000cst. Provide a varied leverage between the engine and the drive wheels provide means to transfer power in opposite direction. It may be calculated from the physical dimensions of the gears, or it. However in lobe pumps, the lobes do not make any contact like external gear pump see figure 5. Some gear pumps are designed to function as either a motor or a pump. In this pump, a piston is reciprocating, which use thrust on the liquid and increase its hydraulic energy. Its purpose is to convert energy of a prime mover a electric motor or turbine first into velocity or kinetic energy and then into pressure energy of.
Lobe pumps work on the similar principle of working as that of external gear pumps. Gear pumps make good chemical additive dosing pumps provided material compatibility issues are addressed. This video was taken while assembling a diesel engine, engine oil pump is a rotor type pump. Figure 4 circuit diagram for pump efficiency tests. Centrifugal pumps are the most widely used of all the turbo machine or rotodynamic pumps. There are several gear pump pdf books available in market.
June 20, 2017 december 26, 2018 pankaj mishra 1 comment automobile, clutch a torque converter is a type of fluid coupling which is used to transfer rotating power from the engine of. We will understand the basic principle of all these pumps by taking the working system of gear pumps into consideration. The increase in pressure head can be used to carry water from one site to another site. Gear pumps are able to pump at high pressures and excel at pumping high viscosity liquids efficiently. A basic gear pump will have a rotary housing containing two or more gears toothed wheels, helical gears or lobed cams. Torque converter working, principle, main parts and application. As the rotor gear begins to turn, the idler gear rotates with the teeth beginning to mesh accordingly. Some manufacturers produce gear pumps with higher working pressures and speeds but these types of pumps tend to be noisy and special precautions may have to be made. Reciprocating pump is also known a called a positive displacement pump. The working principle of gear pump the structure of the gear pump is very simple, that is, it is the most basic form of two dimensions of the same gear in a tight fit the shell body of a mesh with each other in the rotation, the shell of internal similar 8 glyph, two gear installed inside, outside diameter of gear on both sides and the shell and tight fit.
Typically, gear pumps have efficiencies around 85%. Dultmeier sales offers a variety of gear pumps and gear pump units. The crescent shape divides the liquid and acts as a seal between the suction and discharge ports. Though the construction, shape and design of gear, vane and globe pumps are a bit different, they fall under the same category of rotary pumps. Jul 12, 2017 centrifugal pump working principle, main parts with application july 12, 2017 february 21, 2018 pankaj mishra 2 comments fluid mechanics, pump centrifugal pump is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy i.
The arrows indicate the direction of the pump and liquid, 2. Enable power transmission at varied angles and varied lengths. The pump head is now nearly flooded, just prior to forcing the liquid out of the discharge port. Gear pump working principle animation video a gear pump is a rotary type of positive displacement pump. The basic structure of the lumped parameter model valid for external. Its purpose is to convert energy of a prime mover a electric motor or turbine first into velocity or kinetic energy and then into pressure energy of a fluid that is being pumped.
The gear pump was invented around 1600 by johannes kepler gear pumps are also widely used in chemical installations to pump high viscosity fluids. The compressor working principle involves the reciprocating action of a piston inside a cylinder, which compresses air gas inside the cylinder. Reciprocating compressor working principle animation video reciprocating compressor belong to the category of positive displacement compressors. An internal gear pump works on a similar principle except the two linking gears sizes are different with one revolving within the other. It has more than two internal gears which create vacuum pressure to push the fluid in the pump. The impeller is also called the pump impeller turns with the engine crankshaft the. Provide means of connection and disconnection of engine with rest of power train without shock and smoothly. The air valve directs pressurised air to the backside of diaphragm a, pushing it away from the center of the pump. External gear pumps can come in single or double two sets of gears pump configurations with spur shown, helical, and herringbone gears. The efficiency of a centrifugal pump can be defined as the ratio of the output power water to the input power shaft. An internal rotary gear pump is typically specified for viscous fluids such as oils, bitumen, fats, syrups, chocolate and resins as the more viscous the product is, the more efficient the displacement aspect of the working principle becomes.
I mean because of the close clearance between the casing and the teeth of the gears, pressure is developed and we get the pressurized fluid at the end. The tight seal among the vanes, rotor, cam, and sideplate is the key to the good suction characteristics common to the vane pumping principle. The gear pump working principle involves the rotary action of two gear toothed rotors which unmeshes at the suction end thus drawing in liquid carries liquid along the gear teeth and meshes at discharge end thus forcing the liquid out against discharge line pressure. In an internal gear pump, the rotor supports on one or two bearing and the design of the pump is bulky that makes it inefficient to work on high specification models. The rotation of the crown wheel gear is always the average of the rotations of the side sun gears. The gear pumps are the highpressure pumps which come in small sizes to provide a pulseless as well as stable fluid flows as compared to other pumps like peristaltic and diaphragm pumps. It is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into. The prv can be piped back to the suction side of the pump or into the supply tank. It is an informative video about the working of different hydraulic pumps.
An internal rotary gear pump employs a positive displacement principle. Pdf an investigation of external gear pump efficiency and. The basics behind a fluid or hydraulic pump is a machine which transfers the energy from its moving parts to the fluid oil, water, hightemperature air, and even electrons passing through the machine. A rotary vane vacuum pump is an oilsealed rotary displacement pump. The turbine is splined to the transmission input shaft when vehicle is stopped and in gear, the impeller turns and the stator does not. The gear pump working principle involves the rotary action of two gear toothed rotors which unmeshes at the suction end thus drawing in liquid carries liquid along the gear teeth and meshes at discharge end thus forcing the liquid out against discharge line. The term positive displacement for gear pumps describes the fixed amount of fluid they move for each revolution.
Reciprocating pump is a device which converts the mechanical energy into hy d raulic energy by sucking the liquid into a cylinder. Understand geometry of different gears and their dimensional pro perties. The casing of the pump is as important as the gear. One is connected to the shaft and is called driving.
Liquid travels through the pump between the teeth of the gearwithinagear principle. Gear pumps are a type of rotary positive displacement pump, meaning they pump a constant amount of fluid for each revolution. Construction and working of centrifugal pump parts of. A tight seal in the vanes, rotor, cam, and side plate is important for good suction characteristics described in the vane pumping principles. The working of all these pumps are based on the same principle, i. This type of pumps uses the centrifugal force created by an impeller which spins at high speed inside the pump casing. As the rotor rotates yellow arrow and fluid enters the pump, centrifugal force, hydraulic pressure, andor pushrods push the vanes to the walls of the housing. Oct 18, 2012 this video explained how an engine oil pump works. Internal gear typical internal gear or gearwithinagear technology was invented in 1902 by the founder of viking pump, which is the worldleading provider of internal gear process pumps.
The pump features a casing in which a dual gear an outer rotor gear and an internal idler gear and crescent assembly is housed. Microsoft powerpoint automatic transmission basics. The pumping capacity of the internal gear pump is less in comparison to the external fear pumps. Jan 03, 2017 working principle of a centrifugal pump 1. The working principle of the external gear pump is illustrated in figure 1. Gear pumps how does a gear pump work dultmeier sales. Gear pumps are a positive displacement pump and are a very good choice for transferring viscous or highly viscous liquids. The energy transferred from the pump to the fluid appears as the pressure and velocity of the fluid. Pdf this paper presents an experimental study of external gear pump efficiency based. The main function of these gears is to provide force energy to the water within the pumps. All content contained herein is subject to change at the companys discretion without notice. When using a gear pump a pressure relief valve must be fitted to protect the pump if deadheaded against a closed valve or blockage. In an internal gear pump fluid enters int the suction port between the rotor and idler it is a small interior gear teeth. The working volume formed by the two blades and the inner surface of the rotor and the stator is firstly drained from small to large and then drained from large to small.
It is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The higher the viscosity of the liquid being pumped, the lower the speed of gear pump required. External gear pump overview external gear pumps are a popular pumping principle and are often used as lubrication pumps in machine tools, in fluid power transfer units, and as oil pumps in engines. This is why, if the driven roadwheels are lifted clear of the ground with the engine off, and the drive shaft is held say leaving the transmission in gear, preventing the ring gear from turning inside the differential, manually rotating one driven. Gear pump working, construction, maintenance marinersgalaxy. A drive gear that is driven by a motor rotates an idler gear in the opposite direction. Internal gear pumps are rotary positive displacement pumps which move the same amount of fluid with each revolution of the shaft. A drive gear that is driven by a motor rotates an idler gear in. Liquid enters the suction port between the rotor large exterior gear and idler small interior gear teeth. Understand gear trains and how to calculate ratios. The gear pump is a precision machine with extremely tight fits and tolerances, and is capable of working against high differential pressures.
Centrifugal pump working principle, main parts with. Jul 18, 20 the arrows indicate the direction of the pump and liquid, 2. When the vane pump rotor rotates, the vane is pressed against the inner surface of the stator by the centrifugal force and the pressure oil. May 23, 2010 it is an informative video about the working of different hydraulic pumps.
Jun 20, 2017 torque converter working, principle, main parts and application. Automatic transmission basics linnbenton community. An external precision gear pump is usually limited to a maximum working pressure of 210 bars 21,000 kpa and a maximum speed of 3,000 rpm. Centrifugal pump is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energypressure energy by the action of centrifugal force acting on the fluid. Gear pumps allow differential pressures up to maximum 5. Gear design objectives understand basic principles of gearing.